Spring JPA学习之delete方法怎么使用
一、deleteById 和 delete
为什么要把这两个方法放在一起呢?我们先看源码再说
deleteById(Id id)(通过id进行删除)
@Transactional
@Override
public void deleteById(ID id) {
Assert.notNull(id, ID_MUST_NOT_BE_NULL);
delete(findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new EmptyResultDataAccessException(
String.format("No %s entity with id %s exists!", entityInformation.getJavaType(), id), 1)));
}delete(T entity)(通过实体对象进行删除)
@Override
@Transactional
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void delete(T entity) {
Assert.notNull(entity, "Entity must not be null!");
if (entityInformation.isNew(entity)) {
return;
}
Class> type = ProxyUtils.getUserClass(entity);
T existing = (T) em.find(type, entityInformation.getId(entity));
// if the entity to be deleted doesn't exist, delete is a NOOP
if (existing == null) {
return;
}
em.remove(em.contains(entity) ? entity : em.merge(entity));
}一目了然了吧!deleteById 先在方法体内通过 id 求出 entity 对象,然后调用了 delete 的方法。也就是说,这两个方法同根同源,使用起来差距不大,结果呢?也是一样的,就是单条删除。实际使用中呢,也是使用 deleteById 的情况比较多,废话少说,try it。
实例
service 层
添加deleteById方法(deleteById 是 JPA 自带接口不需要在dao层中添加)
@Transactional
public void deleteById(Integer id){
userDao.deleteById(id);
}control层
/**
* 通过id进行删除数据
* @param id
*/
@GetMapping("/deleteById")
public void deleteById(Integer id){
userService.deleteById(id);
}执行请求 /deleteById?id=2,控制台打印如下:
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.id=? Hibernate: delete from user where id=?
结论
先通过 select 查询实体对象是否存在,然后再通过 id 进行删除。
二、deleteAllById 和 deleteAll
1、deleteAllById(Iterable extends ID> ids)(通过id进行批量删除)
@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAllById(Iterable<? extends ID> ids) {
Assert.notNull(ids, "Ids must not be null!");
for (ID id : ids) {
deleteById(id);
}
}结论
通过源码可以看出,就是遍历 ids 然后循环调用上面的 deleteById(Id id) 方法。
2、deleteAll(Iterable extends T> entities)(通过实体对象进行批量删除)
@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> entities) {
Assert.notNull(entities, "Entities must not be null!");
for (T entity : entities) {
delete(entity);
}
}结论
这个呢?也就是遍历 entities 然后循环调用上面的 delete(T entity) 方法
还有一个不传参数的deleteAll()方法来删除所有数据(慎用)
@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAll() {
for (T element : findAll()) {
delete(element);
}
}就是通过findAll求出所有实体对象然后循环调用delete方法
综上所述,我们发现以上所有的删除事件都是调用了delete(T entity)方法,也就是差距不是很大,就是单条 和多条删除的区别。
实例
service 层
添加 deleteAllById 方法(deleteAllById 是三方件自带接口不需要在dao层中添加)
@Transactional
public void deleteAllById(Iterable ids){
userDao.deleteAllById(ids);
}control层
/**
* 通过id进行批量删除
* @param ids
*/
@GetMapping("/deleteAllById")
public void deleteAllById(Integer[] ids){
userService.deleteAllById(Arrays.asList(ids));
}浏览器测试成功 /deleteAllById?id=3,4删除前:

删除后:

控制台打印如下:
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.id=?
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from user where id=?
Hibernate: delete from user where id=?
由此可以看出,数据是一条一条的进行了删除。
三、deleteAllInBatch 和 deleteAllByIdInBatch
1、deleteAllInBatch(Iterable entities)(通过实体对象进行批量删除)
public static final String DELETE_ALL_QUERY_STRING = "delete from %s x"; @Override @Transactional public void deleteAllInBatch(Iterableentities) { Assert.notNull(entities, "Entities must not be null!"); if (!entities.iterator().hasNext()) { return; } applyAndBind(getQueryString(DELETE_ALL_QUERY_STRING, entityInformation.getEntityName()), entities, em) .executeUpdate(); }
/** * Creates a where-clause referencing the given entities and appends it to the given query string. Binds the given * entities to the query. * * @paramtype of the entities. * @param queryString must not be {@literal null}. * @param entities must not be {@literal null}. * @param entityManager must not be {@literal null}. * @return Guaranteed to be not {@literal null}. */ public static Query applyAndBind(String queryString, Iterable entities, EntityManager entityManager) { Assert.notNull(queryString, "Querystring must not be null!"); Assert.notNull(entities, "Iterable of entities must not be null!"); Assert.notNull(entityManager, "EntityManager must not be null!"); Iterator iterator = entities.iterator(); if (!iterator.hasNext()) { return entityManager.createQuery(queryString); } String alias = detectAlias(queryString); StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(queryString); builder.append(" where"); int i = 0; while (iterator.hasNext()) { iterator.next(); builder.append(String.format(" %s = ?%d", alias, ++i)); if (iterator.hasNext()) { builder.append(" or"); } } Query query = entityManager.createQuery(builder.toString()); iterator = entities.iterator(); i = 0; while (iterator.hasNext()) { query.setParameter(++i, iterator.next()); } return query; }
通过上面的源码,我们大体能猜测出deleteAllInBatch(Iterabledelete from %s where x=? or x=?实际测试一下:http://localhost:7777/deleteAllInBatch?ids=14,15,16&names=a,b,c&ages=0,0,0控制台打印如下:
Hibernate: delete from user where id=? or id=? or id=?
2、deleteAllByIdInBatch(Iterable ids)源码(通过ids批量删除)
public static final String DELETE_ALL_QUERY_BY_ID_STRING = "delete from %s x where %s in :ids"; @Override @Transactional public void deleteAllByIdInBatch(Iterableids) { Assert.notNull(ids, "Ids must not be null!"); if (!ids.iterator().hasNext()) { return; } if (entityInformation.hasCompositeId()) { List entities = new ArrayList<>(); // generate entity (proxies) without accessing the database. ids.forEach(id -> entities.add(getReferenceById(id))); deleteAllInBatch(entities); } else { String queryString = String.format(DELETE_ALL_QUERY_BY_ID_STRING, entityInformation.getEntityName(), entityInformation.getIdAttribute().getName()); Query query = em.createQuery(queryString); /** * Some JPA providers require {@code ids} to be a {@link Collection} so we must convert if it's not already. */ if (Collection.class.isInstance(ids)) { query.setParameter("ids", ids); } else { Collection idsCollection = StreamSupport.stream(ids.spliterator(), false) .collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayList::new)); query.setParameter("ids", idsCollection); } query.executeUpdate(); } }
通过上面源码我们大体可以猜出deleteAllByIdInBatch(Iterable ids)的实现原理:delete from %s where id in (?,?,?)实际测试一下:http://localhost:7777/deleteAllByIdInBatch?ids=17,18,19 控制台打印如下:
Hibernate: delete from user where id in (? , ? , ?)
这里同样有个不带参数的deleteAllInBatch()的方法,源码如下:
@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAllInBatch() {
em.createQuery(getDeleteAllQueryString()).executeUpdate();
}
public static final String DELETE_ALL_QUERY_STRING = "delete from %s x";
private String getDeleteAllQueryString() {
return getQueryString(DELETE_ALL_QUERY_STRING, entityInformation.getEntityName());
}通过源码不难猜到实现原理吧,多的不说,直接给测试的控制台数据:Hibernate: delete from user